Research & Policy

From the introduction of the brief: Since the founding of our nation, states have limited interest rates as the primary protection against predatory lending. Evasions of usury laws are as old as the laws, but courts consistently look beyond form to the substance of the transaction to prevent subterfuge. Ever since banks were provided with legislative exemptions from state usury...

For more than a decade, payday loans, car-title loans, and high-cost installment loans in South Dakota have carried charges exceeding 300% annual percentage rate (APR). In 2016, South Dakotans approved lowering the cost of payday loans, car-title loans, and installment loans to an annual interest rate cap of 36%, inclusive of all fees and charges. The vote in favor of...

A few high-cost lenders are evading state consumer protections through rent-a-bank schemes. Through these sham arrangements, these companies are exploding right through the interest rate limits that most states have put in place for good reason, to protect people from high-cost debt traps that drain them of their hard-earned income. In the following states, payday lenders are using banks, which...

Yesterday, the FDIC and OCC released their notice of proposed rulemaking (NPRM) for changes to the Community Reinvestment Act (CRA). This proposal utterly fails to achieve what were supposed to be the primary objectives of rule changes: greater clarity for lenders and better results for low- and moderate- income communities and people of color. It ignores the recommendations of our...

A coalition of 61 consumer, civil rights, and community groups sent letters to three federal bank regulators urging them not to allow their banks to help payday lenders evade state interest rate limits. The groups sent separate letters to the Federal Deposit Insurance Corp. (FDIC), which regulates the only banks currently involved in rent-a-bank schemes; the Office of the Comptroller...

"As pastors and faith leaders, our sacred text teaches us to care for our neighbors and see the dignity of all of God’s people. Of all the issues confronting Americans, none is more basic than that of housing. Whether renting or owning a home, every family needs a place to come home to at the end of the day. It...

The proposed rule will have a toxic effect on the mortgage lending industry. The Fair Housing Act’s disparate impact doctrine has played a critical role in making fair housing available to all, while at the same time making the lending industry better at evaluating creditworthiness. A ban on unjustified disparate impact has encouraged the lending industry to systematically scrutinize its...

Democratic primary voters in the states of Iowa, New Hampshire, Nevada, and South Carolina strongly support a tough approach to oversight of Wall Street, according to a new poll conducted by Lake Research Partners and Chesapeake Beach Consulting. Democrats and independents, and even many Republicans share the views of this crucial set of voters. Americans see the need for strong...

From the brief’s introductory passage: Imbued with the spirit of the American dream, and in reliance on the DACA program, enrollees have made substantial investments in themselves, their families, and their communities. Contrary to the government’s assertion in its brief to this Court (e.g., Pet. Br. 46), the DACA enrollees are not engaged in “ongoing illegal activity” or “ongoing violation...

Strong majorities across political parties show concern about the level of student debt in the United States and oppose the Department of Education’s (ED) and the Consumer Financial Protection Bureau's (CFPB) recent actions to weaken protections for students, according to a new poll released by Americans for Financial Reform (AFR) and the Center for Responsible Lending (CRL). The poll was...

The undersigned consumer and civil rights organizations appreciate the opportunity to submit comments on the Consumer Financial Protection Bureau’s (CFPB or Bureau) proposed rule on debt collection. As organizations dedicated to eliminating abusive financial practices – particularly focused on communities of color and low- to moderate-income consumers – we are deeply concerned about the proposed rule’s content and impact. Without...

The 232 undersigned consumer, civil and human rights, labor, community and legal services organizations from all 50 states and the District of Columbia submit the following comments on the Consumer Financial Protection Bureau’s (CFPB or Bureau) proposed debt collection rules. The rule as proposed does far more to protect abusive debt collectors than consumers. The proposal opens consumers up to...

Download this factsheet for more information on the top three principles against rent-a-bank arrangements: Long Precedent Against Rent-A-Bank Schemes Has Served Banks and Consumers Well. More Recent Rent-a-Bank Arrangements (with FDIC-supervised banks) Include Grossly Irresponsible Loans. Change in Course Would Invite Risk, Backlash, and Erosion of Confidence in Banking System.

The Center for Responsible Lending (CRL), The Leadership Conference on Civil and Human Rights, NAACP, National Urban League, and UnidosUS appreciate the opportunity to respond to the Consumer Financial Protection Bureau’s (CFPB or Bureau) Advance Notice of Proposed Rulemaking (ANPR) on the Qualified Mortgage (QM) definition under the Truth in Lending Act (TILA) and Ability to Repay / Qualified Mortgage...

Earlier this year, the Consumer Financial Protection Bureau proposed new rules for debt collectors. The proposal authorizes, for the first time, a specific number of communication attempts to collect past-due debts. The rules also authorizes new means of communicating with people to collect debts, such as email and direct messaging, and expands the ability to collect time-barred debt. Download the...

The growth of outstanding student loan debt over the last decade has been staggering. Today, more than 44 million people carry over $1.5 trillion of outstanding student loan debt, an amount that exceeds all other types of non-mortgage loan debt. Two out of three graduates in the class of 2017 borrowed federal student loan debt to finance their education.2 This...

From the letter to the director of the National Economic Council, Lawrence Kudlow: As you consider proposals to restructure our nation’s housing finance system as required by the March 2019 Presidential Memorandum,1 the undersigned civil rights organizations write to express our collective view that any effort to comprehensively reform Government Sponsored Entities (GSEs)—Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac—must recognize the importance...

Currently in the United States, approximately 43 million people owe over $1.4 trillion on their federal student loans. Americans owe more in student loan debt than for auto loans, credit cards, or any other non-mortgage debt.2 Student loan servicers play a critical role in these borrowers’ financial lives, from receiving and applying payments to interacting with struggling borrowers to facilitate...

While pursuing higher education is still a pathway to higher incomes over a person’s lifetime, student loan debt threatens to undermine this promise in North Carolina and nationwide. Outstanding student loan amounts have risen at an alarming rate over the past decade, and North Carolina has not been immune from this trend. Today, students and their families face a difficult...

Consumer watchdog groups urged the U.S. Consumer Financial Protection Bureau (CFPB) to take action immediately to implement the payment provisions in its payday lending rule, whose compliance date is August 19, 2019. These provisions restrict payday and vehicle-title lenders from attempting to withdraw money from borrowers’ bank accounts after two attempts have failed, a practice that significantly harms struggling consumers...

Higher education has long been considered a pathway for advancement in our country. However, the playing field has not been level for low- and moderate-income families and people of color in their pursuit of a postsecondary education. Sadly, the resulting disparities in educational outcomes contribute to the persistent and growing racial wealth and income gaps. Nationwide, trends in the higher...

"Regarding State Authorization of Distance Education providers enrolling students across multiple states, we voice here our support for those provisions of the NPRM that preserve the State Authorization rules finalized in 2016 and currently in effect. The 2016 rules provide core protections to consumers and protect states’ rights to enforce their own laws in two key areas. First, the rules...

In the Dodd-Frank Act, Congress required lenders to make a reasonable and good faith determination that the borrower has the ability to repay a mortgage loan (ATR) before the loan is made. It also created a category of loans, called Qualified Mortgages, or QM, that are presumed to comply with the ATR requirement given product and borrower credit characteristics that...

The 24 undersigned community, consumer, civil rights, and faith groups write regarding the Consumer Financial Protection Bureau (CFPB or the Bureau)’s review of the 2009 Regulation E overdraft opt-in rule under the Regulatory Flexibility Act (RFA). Weakening the opt-in rule in any way is clearly unsupportable; rather, protections against unfair and abusive overdraft fees should be substantially strengthened. Today’s overdraft...

The considerations prescribed by the RFA strongly support strengthening protections against overdraft fees on debit card and ATM transactions. More broadly, comprehensive reform of unfair and abusive overdraft practices is badly needed. The RFA sets forth five factors to consider in an RFA review. Consideration of these factors in the opt-in rule context shows clearly that any effort to weaken...